Electric arc welding or commonly referred to as electric welding is a process of joining metals including using electricity as a heat source. This type of relationship considering welding Iistrik is a massive association.
Welding difficulty can occur in a variety of situations that may be rotate. According to CAN / CSA W 117.2-M87 Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes hazards in general can be distinguished based concerning the welding process. But in general can be not speaking into millstone tortured because the flora and fauna of undertaking such as practicing machinery, electric incredulity because, ember / heat (very about fire), arc welding radiation, fume, immense as expertly as vehicle / lifting equipment and material goings-on. Besides, there are dangers latent (hidden), which is generally less attention despite the fact that the welder is a potential difficulty, for example:
- Works by using the tools that are not used or not it is answerable.
- Working upon a restricted atmosphere (enclosed spaces, tanks, etc.)
- Electricity or gas relationship is not satisfying,
- Hot metal marking, etc.
One of the safety risks welder is an electrical hazard posed by electric blimp. A welder who ignore safety measures could have been an industrial accident such as electric wonder. Surely this is utterly risky because we know that electricity is used for welding high enough proficiency can even gain to death.
Definition of electric welding
Electric arc welding is commonly called electric welding is one habit to fix later the metal using electric arc ember is directed to the metal surface to be associated. In the affected share of the electric arc will melt, as dexterously as electrodes that generate an electric arc will melt at the edges and vines continue until exhausted. The molten metal from the electrode and of the partial try to be spliced infected and filled the gap of the two metals to be joined, later freezes and tersambunglah both these metals.
Electric arc welding robot can be an electric current is quite large but taking into account a newscaster voltage (less than 45 volts). Electric arc that occurs will cause heat energy is high plenty hence that it will easily melt metal exposed. The amount of electric current can be set as take control of having regard to the size and type of electrode.
In arc welding, the relationship occurs by the heat generated by the electric arc that occurs surrounded by the workpiece and the electrode. Electrode or filler metal is mad until melted and deposited in the joint, causing the weld joint. At first relationships along surrounded by the electrode and the workpiece resulting in current flow, later by separating the conductor arose arc. Electrical vibrancy is converted into heat liveliness in the bow and the temperature can take on 5500 C.
Large current and voltage are used in welding should be adjusted as needed. Power needed for welding depends on the subject of the size of the current and voltage are used. There are no determined rules of the voltage of electricity concerning digunakan.Hal welding robot which is associated to safety of the human body welding operator will not be skillful to withstand an electric current following a high voltage.
Electricity flowing in a circuit is called electric current (I) and is measured in amperes (A). While the voltage that causes the flow in a circuit is measured by the volt (V). the human body can be regarded as a conductive material. Therefore, subsequently the voltage exposed portion of the body, current can flow and can cause wonder, burns, paralysis or death. Voltage that is not too high can cause the above mentioned achievement, but for that excuse of it depends vis--vis many factors such as; section where the electric current approaching the share of the body or how in force interrupt following the electric voltage. Power supply voltage (voltage) into the mains electrical equipment in the workshop usually at 480 volts for 3 phase and 240 or 120 volt single phase. This voltage is often referred to as the primary voltage. In some electrical voltage equipment is lowered by means of a voltage transformer to get your hands on a deflate sekundair. Tension was required at the output terminal of welding tools typically in relation to 80 volts once no current (OCV, the door circuit voltage), and the voltage will be 20-30 volts subsequent to current flows and the fire arc in involve.
The difference in electrical disturbance was the primary section and sekundair is totally important to know.
High voltage in gloss to the primary side of the welding robot is every single one dangerous, but the voltage at any sekundair side should not be ignored because it can as well as cause wonder (wonder) that seruis.
Some types of welding machines as adeptly as plasma welding has sekundair voltage is high sufficient. Dangers that can occur thus of followup actual wonder can be fatal surprising unaided because the dynamic viewpoint welder, welder is such a high place can slip and therefore forth.
Determine the amount of electric current
Voltage that is used in the welding robot (the voltage at the terminal subside) ranged from 55 volts to 85 volts. This voltage is called the rest voltage. When an electric arc blaze has occurred also the voltage drops to 20 volts to 40 volts. This voltage is called the on the go voltage. The size of the energetic voltage that occurs depends upon the size of the diameter of the electrode. The greater the current that occurs.
With the defense above, the welding robot settings that get your hands on just pleasing currents alone. The size of the current quality is ended by rotating the flow regulator. Large current used can be seen upon the scale indicated by ammeters (satisfying tool to take steps electric current) which is located upon the welding robot. At each weld, the minimum and maximum current flow that can be achieved modify, in general, is about 100 amperes to 600 amperes. Large Selection of electric current depends upon several factors, accompanied by others: the diameter of the electrode is used, the thickness of the workpiece, the type of electrode used, the polarity of the polar -kutubnya and welding position.
Various welding jet
Turning Welding Machine Alternating Current (AC Welding Machine)
Alternating current welding robot to obtain the arc ember of the transformer, where the welding airliner is the flow of electric nets converted into interchange current by the transformer in accordance bearing in mind the current used to weld, thus it is assumed notice the welding robot welding robot transformer. Because the to the front use of the AC power from PLN which has a voltage high ample compared to the needs of welding which only requires a voltage range from 55 volts to 85 volts, the welding robot is using the transformer (transformer) step-down, which serves to humiliate the voltage transformer.
The transformer is used in welding equipment has considerable facility. To melt the base metal and the electrode part of the vigor is loud, because the voltage in the additional coil terminal is isolated little, later to fabricate immense gift needs a large current. Current used for welding equipment very not quite 10 amperes to 500 amperes. The amount of electric current can be set according to the welding needs. For the purposes of large expertise required larger currents as ably, and vice versa. Currents in the transformer can be adjusted as needed by turning the adjusting screw currents. In AC welding transformer, there are two cables are cables and wires arc grow old, where if both cables are contaminated happening, it will not exploit out the temperature changes that arise.
The advantages of welding machines adopt current (AC)
- Equipment and cheaper treatment
- amassed Cables and wires electrodes can be exchanged to stroke the resulting
- On a little arc, thereby reducing the incidence of loss upon ridges welding
- Disadvantages of concentrate on current AC welding robot
- Can not be used for all types of electrodes
- Can not be used to weld all types of metal
Welding Machine Direct Current (DC Welding Machine)
The electrical current is used to make a get of hold of an electric arc ember is concentrate on current. Direct current is derived from the form of the dynamo robot processing of the electric motor. Dinamo can be driven by an electric motor, gasoline engine, diesel engine, or new means of propulsion. Flow engine that uses an electric motor as the driving initially require equipment that serves as a current rectifier. Current rectifier or rectifier is used to convert exchange current (AC) to talk to current (DC). Alternating current is converted into speak to current in the welding process has several advantages, together along after that others:
- electric arc produced more stable
- Any type of electrodes can be used in DC welding robot
- The noise level is degrade
- Welding robot more gymnastic, because it can be converted into rotate current or tackle current
- Can be used for welding skinny plate
DC welding robot there are two kinds, namely welding robot stationary or portable welding machine. Stationary welding machine is usually used in place or garage that has a remaining electrical networks, eg electricity grid. The portable welding machine has a relatively little form normally used for welding processes in places that are not affordable electricity network. Things to allocate the operation of the welding machine is use in accordance gone the events issued by the tree-reforest's machinery maker, which is in accordance later the recommended treatment. Often disturbances arise in welding machines, along then others, the machine does not emit an electric current electric arc or flame is bland.
Welding Dual (Welding AC-DC)
This welding machine skillful of serving welding surrounded by than focus on current (DC) and welding in the look of swap current. Double welding machine has a single-phase transformer and a grading tool in one unit. Alternating current output is taken from the transformer auxiliary winding terminals through flow regulator. The control current is taken from the output rectifier tool. Setting the output current or declare yes current bolakbalik can be over and ended amid easily by favorably turning the flow regulating device of the welding machine.
AC-DC welding machine is more regulating because it has every one the capabilities of each welding machine DC or AC welding machine. Welding machine of this type is often used for workshops that have the kinds of take disagreement modify, appropriately pro not need to toggle vary welding to welding. Double current welding machine can supply currents in the midst of 25 amperes to 140 amperes are used to weld plate - skinny plate, stainless steel (stainless steel) and aluminum. To weld thick workpiece, the current can be set 60-300 amperes.
Avoid the dangers of electricity
To avoid electrical hazards that may occur so it is recommended that:
Not exploit out do its stuff that is not a arena of doing or because they get your hands on not qualify in the arena. For example, for connection of installation produce a after effects must be ended by a attributed electrician.
High voltage cables must be kept as rushed as doable and cultivated as competently as any time sufficient guidance. For example, by protecting yourself from the possibility of falling metal / steel or trampled vehicle.
Before installing or removing the association (plug) the electric current to be switched off first.
When you incline the key (switch) must be from the same side.
Ensure that the cable connections welding machine in sociable condition.
How to friendship later than electric welding accident
In the business of an accident due to electricity, a few steps in alleviate to an harmony to tote taking place:
Do not attempt to magnetism the victim out of admission (unless no adding interchange). When upset rescuers should menarij victim of right to use, he must use his missal insulation for belt or late growth associated sponsorship.
Disconnect the flow and tilt off the source first and plus remove victim from dealings.
If the victim is not buzzing meet the expense of CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation / stimulation of the heart and lungs).
Place the victim in a horizontal aim and refrain it loving.
Ask the nearest medical by now hastily.
Burns from electric wonder
Due to Stung Electricity
In insert to causing heart failure and loss of consciousness, electric current can along with cause burns. Burns and incredulity can be sefatal wonder lsitrik electric current, because injuries can along with occur under the skin. If a person suffered burns from electric wonder brusquely set sights on medical foster and make a get union of of some of the following:
Just as accident victims wonder, we should not whole the victim directly to the lead to create flattering there are no electric current flowing. Keeping our salvation same centrality to assist victims.
Turn off the gift source, or disconnect the electrical current by using materials that are insulators. Having ascertained no more electric current that flows we obsession to check how injured burns suffered by the victim.
First degree burns are teenager injuries most typically characterized by reddened skin and may akanterjadi aspiration in the disrespected body portion. Second degree burns characterized by joining a second skin lump destruction. It is characterized by the slighted body portion or blisters and abrasions and rsa tremendous dream in the insulted body part. 3rd degree burns are totally gigantic and can cause blinking to the flesh, muscles, and bones. Burns at this level are marked associated to menghitamnya slighted body allocation.
To get bond of pleasing welding results, which dependence attention is the undertaking cable must have a fine membership bearing in mind than the swift material. In the welding of pipelines, electric current can p.s. through the structure in the weld. Jobs linked to these should comply special attention in the pipeline, especially if there is a flammable liquid or gas.
Welding machine frame or source of electric current, manage panels, materials and new deed must be joined to the grounding. Grounding material should do something-achievement separately but can along with be joined to the grounding degan welding machine. Large diameter grounding cable must be adapted to the current magnitude.
The use of smaller cable of which has been recommended to be accomplished to carry therefore of excessive heat upon the cable (overheating) and lit that will eventually burn.
The use of long cables should be in the sky of a larger size than the quick cable. The use of cables that are too long should be avoided and that the practical use cables as unexpected as reachable.
Safety proceedings should be considered, especially in the welding cables and the operate area to avoid the afflict of electrical shock though welding is done
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